Achalasia is an esophageal disorder, where lower esophageal sphincter is impaired due to motor dysfunction.

Symptoms

• Dysphagia
• Chest pain
• Weight loss
• Odynophagia
• Aspiration pneumonia

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of achalasia includes:

• Upper GI endoscopy for identifying obstructing lesion
• Barium swallow
• Esophageal manometry

Treatment

Treatment options include:

• Surgery
• Botulinum injection
• Oral nifedipine and nitroglycerine
• Endoscopic pneumatic balloon dilatation

The main treatment modalities include Surgery and endoscopic dilatation.